EFFECTS OF ADAPTED PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH OVERWEIGHT OR OBESITY

Abstract

Obesity or adiposity represents an excessive accumulation of fat in the body and an increase in mass by 10% or more compared to the ideal body mass. Today in the world, and in our country, obesity is one of the most common chronic diseases of children and adolescents. One of the main causes of obesity is reduced physical activity, and energy intake is significantly increased in relation to reduced activity. Accordingly, the goal of this research was a systematic review of previously published research that dealt with the effects of adapted physical exercise on children and adolescents with excessive body weight or obesity. When collecting previous research, the internet search engines "Google Scholar", "PubMed" and the academic network "ResearchGate" were used. Positive changes in the morphological status of children and adolescents can be caused by the equal action of adapted physical exercise and controlled nutrition. Due to its enormous importance, physical activity is a proven preventive measure in the fight against obesity and accompanying diseases, which is necessary and must be present in sufficient quantity in all ages, especially in children and adolescents. Physical activity and exercise as well as proper nutrition during childhood and adolescence, along with taking professional preventive measures to reduce obesity, is essential for the future of the population.