PHILOLOGIST – JOURNAL OF LANGUGAGE, LITERARY AND CULTURAL STUDIES

On the Humour of Branko Ćopić

2016-05-17T10:57:59+02:00

Branko Ćopić’s prose largely represents a humouristic mirror of paths and by-paths in his life, from the shepherding days in his childhood, schooling in urban areas and graduating from the faculty in Belgrade to direct insights into the partisan warfare in WWII and the milieu of aft erwar Belgrade. It is in his early stories such as ‘Muka krvava’ (Toiling) that we are confronted with comic twists and humouristic hints in depicting the hardship of living in the country. Similarly, in stories ‘Zemlja koje nema’ (A Non-existent Lаnd) and ‘Ni slavan ni strašan’ (Neither Famous nor Scary) one can notice an ironic stance in the display of attempts of fleeing home in search for an easier life. His children’s stories, such as ‘Doživljaji mačka Toše’ (The Adventures of Toša the Tomcat, 1954), inspired by his childhood in the country, are peppered with various experiences with animals. Finally, he discloses numerous features of partisan warfare in a humourous way in the collection titled Doživljaji Nikoletine Bursaća (The Adventures of Nikoletina Bursach, 1956), as well as encounters of country and urban culture in the novel titled Osma ofanziva (The Eighth Offensive, 1964). All these various forms of Ćopić’s humour – largely denoting the chasm between ‘what we dream about and what goes on around us’ – was hinted at in the collection of Borci i bjegunci (Soldiers and Deserters, 1939).

A Model of Poetic Philosophy of Ambivalence (Both Sides of the World in the Children’s Literary Work by Branko Ćopić)

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

This paper discusses ambivalence humor and parody, to be the most important qualities of a literary work by Branko Ćopić. Although its roots can be sought on different sides, here they are found in the mythical conception of the binary structure of world and folk philosophy. The ambivalent principle includes the characterisation of certain literary characters, their attitude towards themselves and others, and to the world in which they live. Also, the ambivalence may be present in some literary genres (fairy tale, belief narrative genres, legend, epic poem, a curse, a blessing, a proverb). Ćopić’s relationship to time (day/ night, past/ present, history/ legend) and space, supernatural beings, life and death, reality and fiction, is also subject to an ambivalent vision. In this sense, this feature is not just an emotional layer or the ambivalent reaction of the reader, rather deep currents, the internal structure of Branko Ćopić’s literary works.

Višnjić-The Experience of Revolution in Branko Ćopić’s Novel “Prolom”

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

У овом раду ћемо настојати да покажемо како у роману Пролом Бранко Ћопић устанак у Подгорини представља као револуцију, у истом духу у којем је ту традицију у српској књижевности засновао Филип Вишњић. Вишњић је епиком устанка прокламовао револуцију као потпуни преврат у свемиру који израста из појединца и прелази у масе и тај модел користи и Бранко Ћопић. Буна, као израз људске потребе да човјек, али тиме и народ, промијени своју свијест, главна је заједничка црта у поетици ова два великана српске књижевности.

Ćopić on the Stage of the National Theatre of the Republic of Srpska in the City of Banja Luka

2016-02-12T01:03:34+01:00

Енциклопедијско издање поводом 50 година Театра, лапидарно констатује како је Народно позориште у Бањој Луци „открило у Ћопићевом богатом књижевном опусу изворни дах средине у којој и само дјелује, па су и она Ћопићева дјела чија је структура изразито приповједачка постала за ово Позориште истински умјетнички изазов да се тражи свој аутентичан сценски израз и створи неконвенционална представа“ (Лазаревић, Лешић и др. 1980: 71). Већ почетком друге посљератне позоришне сезоне (1946/47) изведена је његова позоришна игра за дјецу Ударници или Дружина јунака (25. децембра), а у три наредне деценије слиједиће комедија Вук Бубало (1962) као и четири поставке драматизација прозних дјела. Крајишке делије (1976) посљедње су постављање Ћопића на бањолучкој позорници за наредних тридесет година, све до 2006, када се на „истуреној сцени“ НП Републике Српске у Козарској Дубици премијерно изводи драматизација Магарећих година, да би – коначно – крајем 2011, на малој сцени „Петар Кочић“ премијерно било изведено Одумирање међеда. Доносећи панораму оцјена и одјека Ћопићевих дјела на сцени НП у Бањој Луци, рад поставља и имплицитно питање да ли се пишчев завичај достојно одужио свом највољенијем и најпопуларнијем аутору или се (уз разне „мотиве“ и „оправдања“) огријешио о овог – неспорно – великана српске литературе.

Stylistic Shaping of the Notion of Woman in Ćopić’s Novel “The Eighth Offensive”

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

Th is paper deals with the linguistic and stylistic procedures used in Ćopić’s novel The Eighth offensive in shaping the notion of a woman in two male characters – Stojan Starčević and Pepa Bandić, with a view to describing and explaining, from a linguo-stylistic perspective, the hues of attitude of these two characters towards the woman. In this respect, a classic linguo-stylistic approach is complemented by one of the contemporary literary stylistics. The analysis shows that in the novel these stylistic features can be divided into two groups: semantic and syntactic ones. Therefore, they are most visible in the cases of (1) a stylistically marked syntactic structure and (2) a lexical unit realised with a meaning shift in the context given. Th e analysis also shows that there could be more than one procedure in a sentence, which implies that Ćopić’s characters take a subtle and balanced stance on women, proving that Ćopić paid special attention to language matters in his texts.

Phonometaplasms in the Collection “Planinci” by Branko Ćopić

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

From a linguo-stylistic point of view, this paper sheds light on one part of the stylistic features of Ćopić’s collection Planinci (Mountaineers). As can be seen from the title, attention has been given to the phonetically and phonologically conditioned stylemes, called phonometaplasms, which present the dominant stylistic feature in the speech of Ćopić’s characters, but which, in a smaller degree, can be found in the author’s discourse as well. Words are divided according to type of structural defamiliarisation (linguistic deviation), which occured at their phonetical/ phonological level: 1) restriction, 2) protraction, 4) substitution or 3) permutation. Some of them exhibit several types of linguistic deviation. It is concluded that the author intentionally uses dialectal and idiolectal forms. He creates the colourful style of one of his first collections in this way, the main purpose being speech characterisation.

The Realisation of Diminutives in the English Translation of Branko Ćopić’s “Ježeva kućica”

2016-02-10T07:40:00+01:00

The form and usage of diminutives has been an interesting topic and a source of controversy among scholars. Bearing in mind structural differences between two languages such as Serbian and English, and regarding an array of meanings diminutives are able to convey, a translator tackles a demanding task when trying to deliver a message from one language into another. The labour becomes even harder if the text to translate is a popular and gentle poem ‘Ježeva kućica’ of a famous hedgehog whose bravery and wisdom reveal the everlasting truth that there is no place like home. This chapter compares Serbian noun diminutives in the poem to their equivalents in the English translation as an attempt to give an insight into translation discrepancies and how much they affect meaning, and the overall atmosphere of the literary work mentioned.

(Un)Translatability of Ćopić’s Comparative Phraseology in “The Adventures of Nikoletina Bursać”

2016-02-12T01:13:11+01:00

U sveukupnom proučavanju Ćopićevog stvaralaštva nedovoljno je poznata recepcija njegovog književnog djela na njemačkom govornom području. Ovaj rad se bavi jednim segmentom te kulturne razmjene – translatološkom i kontrastivnom analizom poredbenih frazema u zbirci pripovjedaka Doživljaji Nikoletine Bursaća. Frazemi (frazeologizmi, frazeološke jedinice) su odraz duha i kulture jednog naroda, stvarani su na osnovu određenih slika – ponekad zajedničkih s drugim kulturama i jezicima, ali u znatnom broju toliko specifičnih da se u frazeologiji govori o njihovoj neprevodivosti. Budući da je zadatak svakog prevodioca da neprevodivo učini prevodivim, otkrivajući nam pritom vlastito razumijevanje i vrednovanje kulture u kojoj je poniklo originalno djelo, na primjeru ove analize uočiće se da je Ina Jun-Broda postigla finu ravnotežu u (ne)prevodivosti iskričavog jezika Ćopićevih junaka.

Old Serbian (Slavic) Toponymy

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Лома, Александар (2013), Топонимија Бањске хрисовуље (Ка осмишљењу старосрпског топономастичког речника и бољем познавању општесловенских именословних образаца), Београд: САНУ, Одељење језика и књижевности, Одбор за ономастику, Библиотека Ономатолошких прилога, Књига 2.

Poverty in Folklore Code

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Петровић, Соња (2014), Сиромаштво у фолклорној традицији Срба од XIII до XIX века. Прилог проучавању народне културе, Београд: Албатрос плус.

A Significant Contribution to Integral Stylistics

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Ковачевић, Милош (2015), Стил и језик српских писаца, 1. изд., Библиотека Тумачење књижевности, књ. 22, Београд: Завод за уџбенике.

Old Literature and New Perspectives

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Ређеп, Јелка (2013), Грех и казна божија. Судбине, битке и предања српског средњег века, Нови Сад: Прометеј.

Reflection and Mirroring

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Вукићевић, Драгана и Снежана Милосављевић Милић (2014), Огледавања – Лаза Лазаревић и Симо Матавуљ, Ниш: Филозофски факултет Универзитета у Нишу.

Bakhtin in the Light of New Interpretations

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Поштић, Светозар (2012), Бахтин и хришћанство, Нови Сад: Академска књига.

On Complex Sentences from the Perspective of Contemporary Linguistic Trends

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Николић, Марина (2014), Категорија степена у српском језику: сложена реченица, Монографије, књ. 21, Београд: Институт за српски језик САНУ.

Along the Untrodden Path of Novel Theory

2016-02-09T08:37:23+01:00

Bessière, Jean (2012), Questionner le roman, Paris: PUF.

Deconstructing Narrative Being through Narrating Being

2016-02-09T09:04:25+01:00

Panajoti, Armela and Marija Krivokapić (eds.), Narrative Being Vs. Narrating Being, Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015.

War and Laughter of Miloš Đorić, the Double Observer

2016-02-09T09:11:42+01:00

Бедов, Драгана (2013), Сутон и уздах, Београд: Алтера.

Belgrade–Melbourne: Transcultural

2016-02-09T09:20:15+01:00

Транскултурна димензија славистичких студија и компаративна књижевност (2014), Зборник радова, уредници Слободанка Владив-Гловер, Милена Илишевић и Игор Перишић, Београд: Институт за књижевност и уметност.

Drama of Love and Eros in Andrić’s Characters

2016-02-09T09:33:01+01:00

Брајовић, Тихомир (2015), Грозница и подвиг: Огледи о еротској имагинацији у књижевном делу Иве Андрића, Београд: Геопоетика.

Experience and Confession in Women’s Writing

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

The literary transformation of women’s experience originates in the controversial and ambivalent attitudes towards artistic tradition and artistic practice, since the mediation of women’s experience calls for the reconstruction of those epistemological and interpretative norms and practices that are closely related to the making of a literary work. Fearing that her unique experience might be transformed into a cliché, a female author always wonders about the relevance of her self-expression – is the experience of a woman growing up and her coming-of-age story important enough to be fictionalised? The subject matter of women’s experience turns into a stumbling block due to the awareness that literary tradition lacks a bold and resolute reconsideration of plots dealing with the lives, education and opinions of women. This paper sets out to explore several recent novels and short story collections by women authors, discussing issues of growth and maturity along with topics of diversity and identity crises within a frame of a fluid text bearing resemblance to a fragmentary novel, autobiography and a short story cycle.

Towards the Banks of Acheron. An Interpretation of Sappho 95V

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

The paper deals with one of the shortest, but most sophisticated among Sappho’s preserved poems. In aneffort to express love despair, the poetic voice describes a part of the underworld as a desirable and enchanting landscape – by such a description, seemingly simple, but actually paradoxical, the poetess invites her reader to plunge into a complex stream of early Greek eschatological conceptions. Omnipresent erotic topics melt with elaborate imaginary topology: with the idealised, i.e. proto-idyllic nature and with visionary afterlife surroundings. In an attempt to position Sappho’s imaginary topology in its poetic and eschatological context, this paper offers a comparative reading of the Homeric epics and the orphic funerary texts as well as of the orphic rhapsodies’ fragments. Hopefully, the semantic richness of Sappho 95V is unveiled, at least partially, as well as the complexity and the ambiguity of the love phenomenon in early Greek poetry.

The “Other” and the “Other”: Christian Origins of Bakhtin’s Dialogism

2016-02-09T08:29:02+01:00

One of the main contributors to the idea of sharing and the creator of the idea of dialogism as a counterweight to monologism has been Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin, the well-known Russian 20th-century theorist. Using the concepts of “I and thou” developed by his predecessors, most notably Martin Buber and Hermann Cohen, he fought against the hegemonic consciousness of his day and age, and established the imperative of dialogue between generations, interlocutors and ideas. This paper takes a look at the Christian aspect of the theory of dialogism, increasingly popular in contemporary Western thought. It opens up with Bakhtin’s relationship with Christian thought and discourse, and then analyses the concepts of perichoresis, embodiment and the word (logos). The work then focuses on the particular Orthodox strain in Bakhtin’s idea of dialogism, the sanctity of the human body, the phenomenon of Fool-for-Christ, and Russian (and Eastern) communality, or sobornost’.

Literary History and the Dominant Discourse – Miroslav Šicel’s Attitude Towards the Illyrian Movement

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Th is paper demonstrates how Miroslav Šicel, the historian of Croatian literature, changes his attitude towards the Illyrian movement, depending on the context in and for which he writes. The complexity of the discourse from which history of literature emerges is quickly overcome in order to master phenomena of literary past and to meet the desires of the dominant discourse. Furthermore, this paper shows how the researcher shapes literary history in order to make it comprehensible, continuous and constant. For this purpose, it is crucial to revise, improve, and expand particularly these neuralgic places that may bring discomfort to our firmly constructed identities.

A Functional Approach to Translating Names in Michael Ende’s Children’s Books

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Michael Ende (1929–1994) is one of the most renowned German authors of 20th century children’s literature. As a representative of fantastic literature, Ende frequently plays with words when naming his characters, various objects and places, which is a challenge for translators of his works. Ende’s books translated into Serbian so far are the cult titles The Neverending Story and Momo, then adventures of an unusual boy Jim, Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver and Jim Button and the Wild 13, a book on magic The Night of Wishes; or, The Satanarchaeolidealcohellish Notion Potion and the collection of short stories The School of Magic. When translating names in these books, translators often had to be creative and to make a choice of a certain approach in the translation process. The aim of this paper is to analyse the name translations from the aspect of the functional approach, as elaborated by Hans-Joseph Vermeer and Katharina Reiß, a concept known as skopos theory. According to the theory, the translation process purpose (intentionality) and goal (finality) of a text are of key importance, which can, but does not have to be identical in the original and the translation, as is decided by a number of external factors. Although the function and purpose of children’s literature are complex, they do not change when translated into a foreign language.

“Much Sense – the starkest Madness”: Schizoid Personality in Hemingway’s “The Garden of Eden”

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Th is paper offers an analysis of two characters, David and Catherine Bourne, in Ernest Hemingway’s The Garden of Eden. The characters are analysed through R.D. Laing’s concept of ontological insecurity. The aim is to show that both these characters exhibit schizoid personality traits, as defined by Laing, however, it is only Catherine who is represented as mad due to her gender reversals. David, on the other hand, despite being involved in their gender reversals, remains “sane” because aft er getting involved in the sexual/gender experiments with Catherine, he succumbs to the demands of the dominant sexual politics.

Bestia et Amor: Equine Erotology in Shakespeare’s “Venus and Adonis”

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

In his narrative poem Venus and Adonis (1593), Shakespeare advances two horses, a “jennet” and a “courser,” as a means of commenting on human sexuality. The poem’s equine terminology also gestures to commonplaces of sixteenth-century horsemanship. Shakespeare appropriates the literary symbol of the horse as representative of human sexuality in order to comment on contemporary political/national relations. Gender and animality in Venus and Adonis prove entirely congruent with the poem’s classical republicanism. Examining Venus’s almost-Spanish imperialism reveals that, more than just being aware of hippological discourse in the classical tradition, Shakespeare was incisively cognisant of the equestrian rule that the best manège was not at all about dominance. This paper traces the etymology of Shakespeare’s equine terminology within the context of English-Spanish relations in the late sixteenthcentury.

Joyce’s Consideration of Love without Freedom and Freedom without Love in “Exiles”

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Joyce’s play Exiles (1918) is considered his least successful work, especially in comparison to the complexity of symbolism and the stream-of-consciousness technique skilfully employed by Joyce in his later novels – A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses, and Finnegans Wake. Exiles, however, documents two significant things: the autobiographical elements incorporated into its plot provide insight into Joyce’s complicated relationship with Nora Barnacle, whereas the play as a whole reveals the influence that Henrik Ibsen exerted over Joyce’s art. Drawing on these two aspects of the play, the paper examines the way in which James Joyce analysed the problematic relation between freedom and marriage, freedom and exile, freedom and dignity, freedom and the beauty of living. The paper favours the thesis that despite the inconsistencies of Exiles and Joyce’s inability to resolve the plot of the play, this early dramatic experiment should be regarded as the artistic work that paved the way not only towards the stream-of-consciousness technique which Joyce perfected in his subsequent works, but also towards the specific, primarily artistic perception of freedom, which is the basis for the understanding of Joyce’s celebrated novels.

The Priest They Called Him: The Experimental Work of William Burroughs

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Th is paper centres on William Burroughs’ writing and ideas, which changed the course of literature, and his multi-media collaborations, which generated new directions in music and film. Although primarily known for his involvement with the Beat Generation, he is one of the most prominent figures in the emergence of the postwar counterculture, a transgressive author with an absolute dedication to experimentation in narrative form and structure. He defines a literary evolution of the self in his rejection of American conservative society. Introducing the cut-up and fold-in techniques, he produces unexpected conjunctions and challenges a common understanding of the world. Much of his narratives are a working through of his thesis that the word – language – is a virus. The virus notion is accompanied by the concept of power and control defined in terms of drug addiction. Burroughs claims that dominating systems degrade us and reduce us to a level of totally repressed human beings that do not question the existing sociopolitical order and live in the accepted constructs of reality. These hidden mechanisms are also present in contemporary mass media. For this reason, he creates a new world, which liberates readers from the dominance of the established society, allowing them to form all their perception anew. His truly revolutionary ideas have inspired and creatively exhilarated many writers, musicians and artists who undertook a variety of collaborative multi-media ventures with him. These collaborations were, again, attempts to escape from authorial constraints and shape art production towards “making the words talk on their own.” They alter the complex interweave of creativity in the (post)modern age.

Decadent Spirit in „Pan and the Syrinx“ by Jules Laforgue

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Decadence as a literary movement emerged in the 19th-century France, expressing contempt against the morality and reality of the then society. Jules Laforgue is enlisted among the decadent poets, and he used to ridicule various social aff airs and individual acts. Such is the case with Pan and the Syrinx, a parody offering pronounced irony, where the characters from the Classics are transposed into modern times and dealt with subsequently. In this piece Laforgue returns to the original legend of the sevenstraw pipe. Love and art both fulfil Pan’s spirit, the former as an illusion, the latter as a reality. In the beauty and spirit of the Syrinx, as well as in Pan’s abandonment to destiny we can recognize signs of contemporariness, where daydreaming about the ideal woman proves impossible, which emphasizes the poet’s point of inaccessability of an ideal.

The Voice from the Farthest Darkness – Foolishness for Christ as a Determiner of Novica Tadić’s Poetry and Poetics

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

In this paper, the author tries to illustrate the transposition of the phenomenon of foolishness for Christ as a literary motif in Novica Tadić’s poetry. Th is literary motif is considered in some of the chosen poems and in the poet’s explanation of his own poetry. This kind of analysis makes a point in understanding Tadić’s poetics and to show the basic elements of his autopoetics.

On “Translation” from Serbian into Serbian

2016-02-12T00:40:36+01:00

У овом раду се разматрају новији покушаји својатања српског језика односно гусарења (израз М. Ковачевића) кроатиста по српској језичкој баштини. Анализа се спроводи на материјалу тобожњег превода (заправо адаптације) Мушкатировићевих Причта (1787) са регионалног штокавског (славе но српског) на регионални штокавски (илирски) идиом Амброзовићевих Проричја (1808). Пошто се испоставља да су и оригинал (Причте) и „превод“ (Проричја) базично утемељени на једном и једином – српском народ ном језику, упутно је говорити не о преводу него, само и једино, о прилагођавању истог (српског) језика варијантским посебностима да би текстови изгледали као да потичу из конкретне (регионално-конфесионалне) средине.

Two-Prefix Verbal Diminutives with Prefix po- in Bulgarian and the Serbian Dialects of Prizren and Timok Regions

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

A comparative analysis of two-prefix verbal diminutives with the prefix po- in Bulagarian and the Serbian dialects of Prizren and Timok regions shows equivalence at the levels of word formation and semantics respectively. At the former level one can notice identical two-prefix relations featuring the prefix po- and numerous other prefixes of primarily prefixed verbs, indirectly implying a high productivity of the two-prefix verbs with the prefix po- as a secondary one in both idioms examined. The corpus analysed confirms identical two-prefix relations, but there is no overlapping when the most productive prefixes are concerned, since the prefix pri- is dominant in the Prizren and Timok regions and the prefix na- in Bulgarian. Furthermore, the prefix po- is attached to already prefixed verbs in both idioms in this way, but the doubled prefix does not mean its redundancy, since each prefix invests its own meaning into the newlyformed unit. At the latter level there are two semantic subtypes of the analysed verbal diminutives visible.

Contribution to the Study of Zoonyms in Upper Herzegovina

2016-02-09T16:49:04+01:00

Th is paper analyses zoonyms belonging to the category of Equus caballus in pastoral lexemes of Mosorovići village in upper Herzegovina in order to classify the available corpus in lexical-semantic and word-formation terms. It points to the frequency, motivation and origin of the recorded lexemes and their phonetic and formative variants.

Zero Suffix as a Formant in Two-Theme Nouns

2016-02-12T00:42:37+01:00

Суфиксација и композиција су два самостална, продуктивна творбена поступка којимa се активно попуњава лексички фонд како српског, тако и руског језика. Међутим, у оба језика се речи могу градити и удруживањем ова два процеса, па су такве лексеме у исто време и сложене (двотематске) и изведене (суфиксалне). У раду ћемо истраживати појаву сложено-изведених именица на материјалу руског и српског језика, испитаћемо на којим су осно вама образоване речи оваквог морфемског састава и указаћемо на улогу нултог суфикса као творбеног форманта.

The Cultural and Historical Issues at Foreign Language Departments: A Series of Small Serendipities

2016-02-10T07:35:49+01:00

This paper argues that it is high time for the ongoing public debate of whether Western Balkans’ foreign language departments should be transformed or not to be steered in a different direction – that on focusing on how to use the positive experiences of current teaching practices in order to improve existing foreign language teaching processes. To illustrate, this paper provides examples of restructured teaching approach practices, which are followed at the English Department of the University of Banja Luka’s Faculty of Philology.

On Modal Adverbs in the English Language and Their Corresponding Forms in the Serbian Language

2016-02-10T07:37:05+01:00

This paper deals with a contrastive analysis of modal adverbs in the English language and their corresponding forms in the Serbian language. The analysis is based on an eclectic model, which represents a combination of the theory of metaphorical extension and the theory of modality as epistemic deixis. The paper focuses on combinations of modal adverbs and modal verbs in which the adverb modifies, complements or transforms the meaning of the verb. A modal adverb and a modal verb may be combined provided that they both express the same or similar modal meanings. A modal adverb and a modal verb from the opposite extremes of the epistemic scale cannot be combined because of collocational restrictions. The degree of modality expressed by modal adverbs may also be additionally intensified by other adverbs, which are called intensifiers. The analysis includes syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of modal adverbs. The contrastive analysis shows that English and Serbian are typologically similar languages.

Some Serbian and Bulgarian Comparative Idioms with Zoonyms, Phytonyms and Ethnonims

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

This paper reviewed Serbian and Bulgarian comparative phrases of animals, plants and ethnics, where we explored similarities and differences in the domain of form and meaning. In analysing these idioms, we discovered phrases which were characterised by a complete equivalence, partial equivalence and zero equivalence. The analysis points out the positive and negative linguistic transfer, which makes it either easier or more difficult to adopt a foreign language.

Les relations sémantiques des termes orthodoxes macédoniens et français de point de vue traductologique

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Le terme « relations sémantiques » se réfère aux différents rapports entre la dénomination et la notion d’un terme et aux rapports entre les termes différents. Notre analyse portera sur les relations de synonymie, polysémie et homonymie dans le cadre de la terminologie orthodoxe macédonienne et française. Il s’agit des termes qui ont une forme assez spécifique, car la terminologie orthodoxe française est riche en emprunts, surtout grecs et latins, tandis que la terminologie orthodoxe macédonienne ne manque pas d’emprunts grecs et slavon d’église. À cause du caractère même des textes religieux, qui disposent des termes spécialisés, mais aussi, des termes bien choisis et poétiques, il sera d’une importance majeure de bien déterminer leurs nuances de sens et leur emploi pour pouvoir effectuer une traduction réussie.

Translation Intricacies – The Simpler the Approach, the More Complicated the Outcome

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Translation is practically as old as writing itself, and for almost as long as humans have been writing they have been translating. The mechanical substitution of word units can be effective under certain conditions and up to a point. Some simple forms can be converted in this way from one language to another. But if translation were solely the replacement of words, the appropriate procedure would be to consult a bilingual dictionary. This can only be feasible if there is a certain amount of equivalence in-between the languages. However, if translations are supposed to bring in information that is new to a language or culture, then they cannot be expected to be naturally equal. That is, new ideas and concepts will eventually require new terms and expressions. The twentieth century saw a blossoming of diverse approaches, each inventing useful tools to facilitate the translation process. Unfortunately, none of them provide a comprehensive clue. Equivalence operates more at the level of beliefs, or fictions, while Hans Vermeer’s skopos postulates that the most important ingredient in any translation is its purpose, viewing the process as a communicative activity performed for a specific reason. Texts are written for a specific purpose, which greatly affects and determines what the best approach to their translation should be. Grammatical knowledge should also enable the translator to distinguish between optional and obligatory forms in the language, those matters that have to be expressed as such, and those that have alternatives. To understand the ambiguities and to avoid compounding them in the process of translating, we must dismantle the languages and look at the component parts. It is important to realize that while none of the existing approaches to translation on their own can yield an infallible model, they can provide adequate raw material that can be used to devise an informed and acceptable model to guide our practical work.

L’analyse des erreurs d’orthographe des étudiants de français à l’Université de Banja Luka

2016-02-09T08:29:03+01:00

Dans cet article, nous proposons une analyse quantitative des erreurs d’orthographe des étudiants serbophones de français de 3e année à la Faculté de Philologie de l’Université de Banja Luka. Notre objectif est d’établir à quel niveau se situent ces erreurs afin de proposer des pistes de remédiation appropriées. L’instrument de mesure choisi est la dictée. En nous référant à la répartition traditionnelle de l’orthographe française en lexicale et grammaticale, nous allons tout d’abord définir les catégories de classement des erreurs. A partir de ce cadre théorique, nous allons ensuite procéder à l’analyse quantitative des erreurs identifiées dans les dictées recueillies pendant la session d’examens de février 2015. Enfin, dans la conclusion, nous allons commenter les résultats d’analyse et énoncer les suggestions qui visent à remédier aux erreurs identifi ées.