СОЦИОЛОШКИ ДИСКУРС

FILOZOFIJA SEKSUALNOSTI I L’ÉCRITURE FÉMININE

Dijana Zrnić — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

U radu autorka problematizuje, ali i nastoji rasvijetliti fenomen ženske seksualnosti i mjesto i ulogu žene u simboličkom prostoru, kroz ulazak u dijalog sa predstavnicima l’écriture féminine („žensko pismo“), kao francuskog ogranka feminističke filozofsko-književne teorije s početka 70-tih godina XX vijeka. Prva saznanja nastala iz ove polemičke ra- sprave otkrivaju da je predmet interesovanja teorije „ženskog pisma“ inskripcija ženskog tijela i ženske različitosti u strukturni jezik i tekst, sredstvima dekonstrukcije kao postrukturalističkog metoda. Pokazaće se da traganje za „skrivenim označiteljem“ u jeziku, koji teži da izra- zi ono neizrecivo, podrazumijeva kritičko preispitivanje filozofskih, psihoanalitičkih, te književno-teorijskih postavki o razvoju ženskog seksualnog identiteta, kao i o ulozi žene u simboličkom poretku. Tako Fukoovi tekstovi propituju arheologiju seksualnosti u narativu, pod snažnim dejstvom psihoanalize. Francuski psihoanalitičari, na čelu sa Frojdom, preko fenomena histerije, kojeg Fuko reinterpretira kao fenomen samo-nerazumijevanja, otvaraju put razmatranja nerazu- mijevanja vlastite želje i vlastite seksualnosti, dok književni teoretičari paralelno uvode diskurzivnu produkciju znanja o seksualnosti poten- cirajući pri tome sveprisutno nerazumijevanje i isključenost ženske seksualnosti iz standardno muškog jezičkog koda. Autorka, na kraju, zaključuje da su u falogocentričkom jeziku žene definisane kao „dru- go“, i da moraju ući u dijalog sa svojom drugošću kako bi reafirmisale takvo razumijevanje sebe i svoje seksualnosti.

KRIVIČNO-PRAVNI ASPEKTI KORUPCIJE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Sadmir Karović, Zoran Galić, Petar Đukić — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Predmet ovog rada su krivično-pravni aspekti korupcije u Bosni i Herce- govini, te intencija autora da skrenu pažnju i ukažu na određene pravne i društvene specifičnosti korupcije, kao pravnog i društvenog fenomena koji sa razlogom zavređuje posebnu pažnju naučne, stručne i opšte jav- nosti. Uvažavajući da ne postoji ni jedna oblast ljudskog djelovanja koja je imuna na korupciju, državna institucionalna reakcija na ovaj krimi- nalitet mora biti adekvatna i srazmjerno potrebna realnim otkrivačkim i dokaznim potrebama u cilju postizanja adekvatnih rezultata krivičnog pravosuđa. U vezi s naprijed navedenim, posebna pažnja je usmjerena na problem definisanja i shvatanja korupcije, cijeneći njegovu složenost i nemogućnost usaglašavanja jedne univerzalne i sveobuhvatne defini- cije ovog pojma. Takođe, u radu su apostrofirani problemi koji se odno- se na kompleksnost otkrivanja postojanja ovih krivičnih djela kao i na aspekt utvrđivanja, odnosno dokazivanja koruptivnih krivičnih djela, cijeneći restriktivne zakonske uslove materijalne i procesne prirode.

PRAKTIKOVANJE NEKONVENCIONALNE MEDICINE U SUOČAVANJU SA PANDEMIJOM KOVID-19 U FEJSBUK GRUPI „HOMEOPATIJA, POLJSKA – KLASIČNA, KLINIČKA, DETOKSIKACIJA“

Michalina Trochimowicz, Ewa Dąbrowska Prokopowska — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Prema međunarodnoj studiji3, popularnost alternativne medicine značaj- no je porasla u posljednjih 30 godina u većini zapadnih zemalja. Pan- demija Covid-19 i okolnosti povezane s njom uslovili su značajno pove- ćanje upotrebe ne-medicinskih praksi. Vrijeme pojavljivanja pandemije Covid-19 dodatno je pogoršalo negativna ljudska iskustva rada u društvu rizika. Kako bi smanjili ove strahove, sve više ljudi se okreće alternativnoj medicini. Ljudi sve više počinju sami tražiti medikamente i preventivne mjere, pri čemu su ovdje važni emocionalni aspekti percepcije pandemije i sve veća medijatizacija, ali i loše stanje zdravstvene zaštite u Poljskoj. Tekst je analiza rezultata istraživanja provedenog na Facebook grupi „Home- opatija Poljska - klasična, klinička. Detoksikacija“. Grupa je zatvorena, u kojoj svaki član mora biti uključen da bi učestvovao. Ovo omogućava analizu grupe ljudi koji koriste nemedicinske prakse, a ne samo deklarisa- nje ovih aktivnosti. Ovaj članak pokušava analizirati fenomen nekonven- cionalne medicine i njene društvene posljedice na primjeru homeopatije. Dodatni veoma važan faktor, čiju smo korelaciju odlučili da istražimo, jeste nivo vjerovanja i magijske prakse korisnika homeopatije.

SOCIO-DEMOGRAFSKE KARAKTERISTIKE UČENIKA KAO ODREDNICE SAMOSLUŽEĆIH KOGNITIVNIH DISTORZIJA

Žana Vrućinić — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Kognitivne distorzije predstavljaju netačne ili pristrasne načine tuma- čenja ili pridavanja određenog značenja iskustvima. Njihova uloga u razvoju i održavanju psihopatologije povezane sa internalizujućim i eksternalizujućim ponašanjima (agresija, delinkvencija) pokazala se kao veoma važna. Cilj ove studije je utvrditi razlike u samoslužećim kognitivnim distorzijama (kognitivnim distorzijama u službi selfa) mjerenim upitnikom How I Think (HIT-Q; Barriga, Gibbs, Potter, & Liau, 2001), s obzirom na pol, godine, mjesto stanovanja, broj djece u porodici i porodičnoj strukturi, među učenicima. Uzorak u ovom istra- živanju je bio prigodan i činilo ga je 789 učenika, od kojih je 471 uče- nik osnovnih škola i 318 učenika srednjih škola iz entiteta Republika Srpska. Rezultati pokazuju da su kod dječaka značajno izraženije sve četiri samoslužeće kognitivne distorzije – egocentrične (centrirane na self), okrivljavanje drugih (prebacivanje krivice), minimiziranje/pogreš- no označavanje i pretpostavljanje najgoreg za razliku od djevojčica koje postižu niže rezultate u ovim dimenzijama. Stariji maloljetnici (16-19 godina) više angažuju (koriste) kognitivne distorzije u službi selfa u svakodnevnom funkcionisanju, za razliku od mlađih (13-15 godina). Ispitanici iz prigradskih, odnosno ruralnih sredina, postižu više rezul- tate na kognitivnoj distorziji u službi selfa ‒ dimenzija pretpostavljanje najgoreg, za razliku od vršnjaka iz grada. Djeca koja žive u jednorodi- teljskim porodicama postižu više rezultate na samoslužećoj kognitivnoj distorziji ‒minimiziranje/pogrešno označavanje, za razliku od njihovih vršnjaka koji odrastaju uz oba roditelja. Razmatraju se teorijske i prak- tične implikacije ovih nalaza.

PHILOSOPHY OF SEXUALITY AND L’ÉCRITURE FEMININE

Dijana Zrnic — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

In her work, the author problematizes, but also tries to shed light on, the phenomenon of female sexuality and the place and role of women in the symbolic space, by entering into a dialogue with representati- ves of l’écriture féminine (“women’s writing”), as a French branch of feminist philosophical-literary theory from the beginning of the 70s. those years of the 20th century. The first findings resulting from this polemical discussion reveal that the subject of interest of the theory of “women’s writing” is the inscription of the female body and female diversity in structural language and text, by means of deconstruction as a post-structuralist method. It will be shown that the search for a “hidden signifier” in language, which tends to express the unspeaka- ble, implies a critical review of philosophical, psychoanalytic, and lite- rary-theoretical positions on the development of female sexual identity, as well as on the role of women in the symbolic order. Thus, Foucault’s texts question the archeology of sexuality in the narrative, under the strong influence of psychoanalysis. French psychoanalysts, led by Fre- ud, through the phenomenon of hysteria, which Foucault reinterprets as a phenomenon of self-misunderstanding, open the way to consider the misunderstanding of one’s own desire and one’s own sexuality, whi- le literary theorists in parallel introduce the discursive production of knowledge about sexuality, emphasizing the ubiquitous misunderstan- ding and exclusion of female sexuality. from the standard male lan- guage code. In the end, the author concludes that in the androcentric language, women are defined as “other”, and that they must enter into a dialogue with their otherness in order to reaffirm such an understan- ding of themselves and their sexuality.

CRIMINAL-LEGAL ASPECTS OF CORRUPTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Sadmir Karovic, Zoran Galic, Petar Djukic — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of this paper is the criminal-legal aspects of corruption in Bo- snia and Herzegovina. The author’s intention is to divert your attention and point out the legal and social specifics of corruption as legal and social phenomenon that under special attention of scientific, expert and gene- ral public for a reason. Respectfully, there is no area of human action or interaction that is immune to corruption. However, the institutional re- action of state to this criminality must be adequate and proportional to the needs of research and evidence in order to achieve desired results of criminal judiciary. Special attention is directed to the problem of defini- tion and understanding corruption with all its complex dimensions and the inability to coordinate one universal and comprehensive definition of this term. Also, this essay emphasizes problems of complexity of revealing the existence of these criminal acts and the aspect of verifying, i.e. proving the existence of these corruptive actions, while appreciating restrictive law conditions, materials and process.

PRACTICING UNCONVENTIONAL MEDICINE IN THE FACE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FACEBOOK GROUP “HOMEOPATHY POLAND – CLASSICAL, CLINICAL, DETOXIFICATION”

Michalina Trochimowicz, Ewa Dąbrowska Prokopowska — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

According to an international study3, alternative medicine has grown significantly in popularity over the past 30 years in most Western coun- tries. The Covid-19 pandemic and the realities associated with it have meant that the use of non-medical practices has increased significan- tly. The timing of the Covid-19 pandemic compounded people’s negative experiences of operating in a risk society. In order to reduce these fears, more and more people are turning to alternative medicine. This is becau- se people are increasingly starting to look for medicines and preventive measures on their own, with the emotional aspects of the perception of the pandemic and the increasing mediatisation being important here, but also the poor state of healthcare in Poland. The text is an analysis of the results of a study conducted on the Facebook group ‘Homeopathy Po- land - classical, clinical. Detoxification’. The group is a closed one, where every member must be involved in order to participate. This makes it possible to analyse a group of people using non-medical practices and not just declaring these activities. This article attempts to analyse the phe- nomenon of unconventional medicine and its social consequences using the example of homeopathy. An additional very important factor, the correlation of which we decided to investigate, is the level of belief and magical practices of homeopathy users.

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PUPILS AS DETERMINANTS OF SELF-SERVING COGNITIVE DISTORTIONS

Zana Vrucinic — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0200

Cognitive distortions are inaccurate or biased ways of interpreting or attributing meaning to experiences. Their role in the development and maintenance of psychopathology associated with internalizing and externalizing behaviors (aggression, delinquency) has proven to be very important. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in self-serving cognitive distortions measured by How I Think Questi- onnaire (HIT-Q; Barriga, Gibbs, Potter, & Liau, 2001), with regard to the gender, age, place of residence, number of children in the family and family structure, among pupils. The sample in this research was convenient and consisted of 789 pupils, 471 of which were primary school pupils and 318 were secondary school pupils from Republic of Srpska entity. The results show that boys have significantly more prono- unced all four self-serving cognitive distortions ‒ self-centered, blaming others, minimizing/mislabelling and assuming the worst as opposed to girls, who achieve lower scores in these dimensions. Older minors (16- 19 yrs of age) engage (use) more self-serving cognitive distortions in everyday functioning, unlike younger ones (13-15 yrs of age). Respo- ndents from suburbs, that is, rural areas, achieve higher scores on the dimensions of self-serving cognitive distortion ‒ assuming the worst, in contrast to their peers from the city. Children living in single-parent families score higher on the self-serving cognitive dimension ‒minimi- zation/mislabeling, unlike their peers who grow up with both parents. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.