WAYS TO PRESERVE SOIL FERTILITY BASED ON AGROLANDSCAPE

Abstract

As it is known, fertility is the most important property of soils to meet the needs of
plants in nutrient elements, moisture or air and to provide conditions for their
normal life. It is clear that yield of crops depends on soil quality. That is why the
preservation of fertility is an important task in the implementation of agricultural
production. Agrolandscape systems based on environmental based should be
introduced in agriculture to solve the problem of preventing the degradation of
soils, reducing water and wind erosion. Principles and methodology of landscape
planning can be successfully adopted in farming systems that combine high
environmental and economic indicators. During the years with unfavorable
conditions such as drought or excessive moisture in farms with adaptive farming
the yield is 30 % higher than in agricultural enterprises with the traditional farming
system. The article discussed that the minimum value of the environmentstabilizing
farm land agrolandscapes should not exceed 40% of the total land. The
conducted experiments proved that the humus content in the households under
consideration was increased by 0.24%. Average crop yields in the years with
unfavorable weather conditions in the test farm (Kantemirovsky District, Voronezh
region) are the following: grains 29 dt/ ha, sunflower 24 dt/ha, and for
Kantemirovsky District, on average, 19.4 dt/ha and 17 dt/ha respectively. Stability
of agrolandscapes depends on correlation between sustainable and destruct lands.
Percentage ratio of agricultural lands for the sustainable agrolandscapes is
determined.