GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SLOVAK SPOTTED BREED

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate inbreeding and genetic diversity in
Slovak Spotted cattle. Reference population contained genealogic information on
36949 animals (129 sires and 36820 cows) that were used in the analyses. Pedigree
completeness indexes in the first three generations were on the level of 100 %, in
the 5th generation it was 60 %. Since 1970, inbreeding trend was positive with
significant increasing in 1990. Average relationship was 0.8 %, inbreeding rate
0.36 % and ΔF = 0.094 %. In the reference population 43 % animals was inbred, 68
% of sires and 33 % cows, with also 67 % purebred cows, as well. Total genetic
diversity loss in the reference population and population of cows was the same,
closely under 1%, in purebred cows 1.19 % and sires even due to higher inbreeding
level 1.78 %. Genetic diversity loss was more influenced by the genetic drift 0.80%
in the reference population, 1.47% in sire group, than by effective number of
founder unequal contributions. F statistic showed fines superiority of
heterozygosity by sire lines subpopulations, in the whole sire group (FIS = - 0.12)
and their minimal differentiation (FST = 0,098). Obtained results showed that
inbreedization process started in this population. Monitoring and better genetic
management are important from the point of its further sustainable development.