ALLELIC COMPOSITION OF HMW-GLUTENIN PROTEIN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH QUALITY OF WHEAT

Abstract

High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) proteins deposited in
endosperm of wheat seed which have significant impact on bread quality. The
HMW-GS encoded by genes located at the long arm of chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D.
The aim of this work was study allele polymorphysms at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-
D1 locus and loaf volume, grain protein content, sedimentation volume of eight
wheat genotypes (G-3130, G-35183, G-3501, G3512, G-3574, G-3027, G-3075, G-
3097) harvested in two years with various weather condition. For each genotypes,
flour used for extraction of glutenin which separated by method of electrophoresis
on SDS gel (11.8%). Electrophoregrams used for determining Glu-1 alleles.
Technological quality parameters analyzed by standard laboratory methods. The
three alleles alleles (a, b, c) at the Glu-A1, three alleles (b, c, d) at the Glu-B1 and 2
alleles (a, d) at the Glu-D1 were identified. The highest protein sedimentation
volume had wheat genotype G-3075 in the both years (54.0ml; 58.0ml) while the
lowest sedimentation volume had G-3512 (34.0ml; 36.0ml). Grain protein content
(GPC) was the highest in G-3075 in both years (14.20%; 15.40%) while the lowest
GPC had G-3097 (11.60%) in first and G-3512 (12.60%) in the second year. Loaf
volume was the highest in G-3075 in both year (520ml; 540ml) while the lowest
was in G-3512 (400ml) in both years of experiment. The estimated quality traits
varied depending on genotype and year. The better quality, in average, had the
wheat genotypes which carried Glu-D1d allele.