CHALLENGES IN THE PROCESS OF RESOCIALIZATION OF CONVICTED PERSONS DURING THE EXECUTION OF PRISON SENTENCES

Abstract

The resocialization of convicted persons represents one of the key objectives of contemporary penal systems; however, its implementation in practice is often limited by institutional, psychological, and post-penal barriers. This paper analyzes the theoretical differences between rehabilitation and resocialization, as well as the obstacles arising within correctional institutions (lack of individualized programs, staff overload, prison subculture), and psychological factors affecting the motivation, identity, and mental health of convicted persons. Particular attention is given to the impact of the duration of imposed prison sentences (short-term, long-term, and life imprisonment) on the success of inmate resocialization. The final section examines post-penal support and reintegration into the family and community, with an emphasis on stigmatization and employment barriers. The paper is based on a theoretical-analytical and comparative approach, using analysis and synthesis of relevant domestic and international literature in the fields of criminology, penology, and psychology. The aim of the paper is to highlight the limitations of the existing prison sentence execution system and the possibilities for improving resocialization through a systemic and interdisciplinary approach.