TEHNOLOŠKI TRANSFER I NJEGOV ZNAČAJ ZA RAZVOJ NACIONALNIH PRIVREDA?

Abstract

Numerous books have been written and numerous documentaries filmed about the connection between the system of scientific and research work and the business sector in the former Yugoslavia. The system developed in the period 1945- 1970 gave birth, in BiH alone, to numerous respectable institutes as parts of faculties or business systems that developed new products, launched them into production, took care of the complex spectrum of logistics when it was a great unknown even to the West, and finally designed the complete marketing mix. Today, when there are no large business systems such as Energoinvest, Šipad, RMK Zenica, Rudi Čajevec, etc., as a logical consequence, numerous institutes have disappeared, or survived only on paper, as a place where university/faculty teachers will engage in science in the desire to get work in SCI journals or at some representative conference. How to bridge the large gap that exists today between the majority of higher education institutions (HEIs) and the business sector, summed up in two very simple words - technology transfer (TT)?! The experiment with the development of science and technology parks in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the exception of TP Inter in Mostar, did not give tangible results, and the technology transfer centers at universities and colleges in the ranks of universities and colleges do not give hope for a better tomorrow. City, cantonal and regional development agencies and various project bureaus with more or less success do their job even better than those who should be the creators of new development and its transfer to the business sector. Although the EU through the programs Tempus, FP, Erasmus, Horizon, etc. has been trying for years to raise HEI (higher education institutions) to a higher level for TT, the fact remains that HEI primarily remained “ex-cathedra knowledge transfer classrooms” far from the business world and concrete elements of cooperation, especially in the domain of new knowledge and product development. Through the project “Knowhow Communities for Accelerating RTI Transfer in the Danube Region RTIT>>”, which is co-financed within the framework of the EU fund of the Transnational Cooperation Program of the Danube Region, and in which CIP UNZE also participates, the authors of this paper investigate what are the “deficiencies” of the system that have been missed or neglected in the previous 30 years, clearly accepting the new business circumstances that there are no large system-concerns in BIH, but that we also have a rapid increase in “knowledge producers” – HEI. Using the example of the model of Bavaria and its TT organization, as well as contemporary development models and actors, potential ways of how BiH can achieve a more or less sustainable TT system despite all its shortcomings are pointed out.