Digital Identification from Smart Card to Digital Wallet –Eu Legal Framework and Situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Information technologies and the entirely new digital world are experiencing significant development in the second and third decades of the twenty-first century. This development has led to the need to realize the concept of legal regulation of cyberspace, especially in the segment of digital identification. Digital identification is necessary to ensure security as well as the protection of personal data. Additionally, digital identification must guarantee the reliability and trust of signatories in the technologies used. The regulations adopted in previous years implied the existence of a PKI infrastructure and the storage of the private key by the signatory. However, the development of technologies and the widespread use of mobile and smart devices have generated the need for remote signing, cloud-based signing, and the creation of digital wallet techniques. It is precisely in this segment that the regulations have been amended. The paper presents EU regulations in this area and the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is particularly emphasized that the use of reliable legally grounded digital identification has not yet begun to be implemented in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and that it is necessary to establish practices and systems based on legal regulations that are aligned with the EU, as well as with the legal framework in Bosnia and Herzegovina.