The Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation and Amotivation on Physical Activity Participation

Abstract

This research explores the impact of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation on physical activity among young adults, using Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) as its guiding framework. The study investigates how these different types of motivation influence participation in physical activity. Data were collected from 245 participants aged 18 to 30, using the Sport Motivation Scale and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire to measure their motivation and physical activity levels. The findings reveal that intrinsic motivation, driven by personal enjoyment and interest in the activity, plays a key role in maintaining consistent physical activity over time. Extrinsic motivation, linked to external rewards such as recognition or approval, also encourages physical activity, though to a lesser degree. In contrast, amotivation, defined as a lack of intent or belief in one’s ability to engage in physical activity, negatively affects activity levels. These results emphasize the critical role of fostering intrinsic motivation to promote long-term engagement in physical exercise. The study provides important insights for designing effective interventions to encourage regular physical activity among young adults, contributing to their overall health and well-being.