Play in Sports Training: Empirical Evidence on ITS Motivational, Educational, and Psychophysical Role

Abstract

Play is a crucial element in motor development and in the structuring of effective training protocols. Its integration into motor and sports activities can positively influence athletes’ performance, mental and physical well-being, and personal satisfaction, promoting a more balanced and rewarding sporting practice. However, despite the literature emphasizing the value of play, it is often overlooked or absent in training programs. The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of the playful component in motor and sports activities, assessing its influence on the motivation, engagement, and psychophysical development of participants. Twenty-seven subjects belonging to three age groups (10–15, 16–30, over 30 years) were involved. A questionnaire structured in three sections (profiling, time spent playing, perceptions) was administered. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square (χ²) test to identify any significant relationships. 81.7% of the sample considers play to be an essential element for successful training. Over 50% suggest increasing the time dedicated to play. Two significant relationships emerged: between competitive activity and the importance attributed to play (P = .046) and between the educational/psychophysical value of sport and preference for an increase in play time (P = .018). The results highlight the importance of integrating play into training planning, emphasizing the multifunctional role of sport in promoting athletes’ well-being, motivation, and personal development.