Contents of Amino Acids in Grains of Different Bread Wheat Genotypes

Abstract

This paper analyzes 10 different genotypes of the bread wheat by method of chromatography to identify the presence of free amino acids. The contents of the identified amino acids have been determined by spectrophotometric method. The results of the qualitative analysis showed the great deal of variability in the amino acid composition for each of the examined genotypes. Quantitative analysis of the free amino acids in the grains indicated their high content (over the 100 mg ml^-1) in wheat genotypes San Pastore, Becker, Lihnida and Ana Morava, while their lowermost content was in the genotypes Uras (73 mg ml^-1) and Jawa (75 mg ml^-1). By using chromatography in the examined wheat grains have been determined that the most present amino acids were glutamic acid, glycine, sarcosine, valine, norvaline and tryptophan. The most present of all examined amino acids was glutamic acid, which was identified in nine examined wheat genotypes. The highest content of glumatic acid was found in wheat genotype Uras (6,52 mg ml^-1). Among the essential amino acids has been found the highest content of norvalin (2,56 mg ml^-1) and valin (2,32 mg ml^-1). The wheat grains of the genotypes Becker, San Pastore and Ana Morava had the largest number of the determined essential amino acids (five), indicating their high nutritional value.